In
the old days, hardcore pornography was difficult for teens to obtain. Today,
with a few clicks, millions of photos and videos are available for free to
anyone. This change has triggered great agony among social conservatives, who
wring their hands that the current generation of teens is coming of age in a
world awash in X-rated imagery that's sweeping them down a sewer of filth.
When
Dr Nsibande compares the early 1990s and today, rates of teen intercourse and
sexual assault have declined considerably, while teen condom use has increased.
These changes don't prove that porn causes no social harm, but they show that
social conservatives are mistaken when they argue that exposure to porn causes
rape and teen sexual irresponsibility. That's simply not the case.
But
broad social indices don't get inside young people's heads and tell us what
teens think of pornography. That's why I was delighted to read a recent study
in the Journal of Sex Research that explored how 73 middle-class teens, age 14
to 20, actually felt about pornography. I find the results reassuring. The
researchers conclude: "Most participants had acquired the skills to
navigate the pornographic landscape in a sensible manner.
Most had the ability
to distinguish between pornographic fantasies on the one hand, and real sexual
interactions and relationships on the other. "Previous
studies have shown that 92 percent of teens admit having viewed Internet porn. Girls
often stumble on it accidentally. Boys are much more likely to seek it out. No
surprise there.
Boys
generally enjoy porn as pure sexual entertainment. They also consider it a
source of sex education. As one boy remarked, porn teaches "other ways to
have sex."
Most
girls embraced what the researchers called "the love ideology," the
idea that love legitimates sex. Girls' disapproved of porn because it
represents sex without emotional involvement, without love. Girls said they
might be open to viewing porn, but only with a boy they loved.
In
the study, both boys and girls understood that porn indulges men's sexual
fantasies, that the men in porn have only one thing on their minds, and that
the women are there solely to satisfy the men's needs-even when their own needs
are ignored. Boys accepted this more or less uncritically, but girls
disapproved of porn's lack of interest in women's sexual pleasure.
Girls
also admitted that they compared their own bodies to those of the women in
porn. They expressed insecurity about their bodies, and worried that boys would
find them not sexy enough to be adequate sex partners.
Boys
expressed some surprise about this-and with good reason. Today, there's porn
involving every female body type: thin, plump, fat, small breasts, big breasts,
natural breasts, surgically augmented breasts, natural pubic hair, trimmed
hair, partly shaved, and fully shaved.
Both
girls and boys understood that porn is like the chase scenes in action
movies-exciting to watch, but not the way to drive. Far from being carried away
by porn, the teens in this study viewed it critically and had successfully
integrated it into healthy emotional lives.
Lofgren-Martenson,
L. and S. S.A. Mansson. "Lust, Love, and Life: A Qualitative Study of
Swedish Adolescents' Perceptions and Experiences with Pornography,"
Journal of Sex Research (2010) 47:568.